Month: January 2022

A critical study on History and Emergence of Arbitration in India

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Introduction

Industrialization has resulted in a dramatic increase in global trade and business. To keep up with financial growth and avoid lengthy lawsuits, the parties have chosen arbitral proceedings as their preferred method of dispute resolution1.
Arbitration is not at all a modern process, especially in India. It can be traced back to the Vedic ages2. Even though it had been in practice for ages, it is still in its evolving stage. Arbitration is a type of “alternative dispute resolution” (ADR). Some other forms of ADR include mediation, Lok adalats, negotiation, etc. There are a number of pending cases that need resolution. Hence, ADR techniques have been proven to be very useful to reduce the pressure on the conventional court system. The recommendation made by the “Malimath committee” was related to mandating the usage of ADR techniques. In the article, there is mention of certain problems with these techniques (especially arbitration).

History of arbitration in India

If we want to trace back the origins of arbitration procedures in India, we would find the reference to the panchayat system 3. It showed a lot of improvement mainly in the nineteenth century. The “Indian Arbitration Act, 1899” had been very very important legislation that has changed the dynamics of the arbitration process. This Act was relevant only in Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. This Act was quite lengthy and confusing. The same was held in the case of Dinkarrai Lakshmiprasad vs. Yeshwantrai Hariprasad 4 . To end the complexities of the Act, a new Act needed to be enacted. Therefore, in the year 1940, “The Arbitration Act, 1940” came into action. It applied to the whole country and not only to specific presidency towns. Later arbitration was codified under Section 89 and Schedule II of the “Code of Civil
The procedure, 1908”.

Arbitration had also been mentioned in ancient times. “Brihadaranyaka Upanishad” is one of the ancient scriptures that supposedly talks about arbitration. In the 1700s and 1800s, separate regulations were present that were applicable in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras. In the case of Gajendra Singh v. Durga Kunwar 5, it was considered that arbitration is more of a “compromise between two parties”.
In the year 1996, following the UNCITRAL model, the “Arbitration and Conciliation Act” came into action.

Advantages and disadvantages of arbitration

Arbitration has proven to be more effective as compared to litigation (going to the court). It is more flexible than litigation techniques. Also, arbitration is comparatively less time-consuming and more cost-effective when compared to litigation. Many believe that justice provided through arbitration is of better quality.

Along with the pros mentioned above, there are some cons too. When compared to other ADR techniques (for instance, mediation), arbitration is a more expensive and time-consuming method. In the case of an arbitration proceeding, the arbitrator has to study the evidence and hear both sides before making a decision. This whole procedure takes quite some time. Unlike mediation, in the case of an arbitral proceeding, there is a scene where a party
wins and the other loses. Due to such a win or loss situation, the relation between the two parties often gets stressed.

Present status of arbitration in India

Judiciary in India has been trying a lot to simplify the processes of arbitration (especially in cases of “International Commercial Arbitration”) 6. There are some significant differences that the 1996 Act had when compared to the previous legislation. One of the most significant changes in the judicial involvement to the arbitral product. If an arbitration agreement is present, the judicial system has to direct the parties to opt for arbitration. The powers that an
arbitrator can exercise have been improved too. A specific mention of “domestic arbitration”7 had also been mentioned in the Act. In 2015, an act was enacted in order to make amendments to the existing 1996 Act. This 2015 Act was declared to be applicable to arbitral as well as court proceedings8.
Recently, an “Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act” was enacted in March 2021. One of the main purposes of this Act was to promote India as a center of international arbitration. To ensure the above purpose, Schedule VIII of the 1996 Act was scrapped off. This schedule banned certain categories of people from being selected as arbitrators in India.

Conclusion

From this article, it can be concluded how arbitration had become a preferred method of dispute resolution. We can see how arbitration in India is in an evolving stage. Lots of amendments are still required to make. This process had already evolved a lot if the scenario is compared to the pre-British era and in the past in general. It has also been mentioned by the experts that more professionalism is expected on the part of the arbitrators. This would
improve the scenario of this dispute resolution process in India. In order to improve the situation of arbitration procedures in India, the mechanism should be made more time effective and cost-efficient. People should be made more aware of the ADR techniques.

References:

  1. “India: Evolution of Arbitration in India”, [October 21, 2016], https://www.mondaq.com/india/arbitration-dispute-resolution/537190/evolution-of-arbitration-in-india.
  2. Ashutosh Singh, “Evolution of arbitration in India and the lack of professionalism”, [October 9, 2021], https://blog.ipleaders.in/evolution-arbitration-india-lack-of-professionalism/#Arbitration_in_pre-British_era.
  3. “Evolution Of the Arbitration Law in India”, https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-4145-evolution-of-the-arbitration-law-in-india.html.
  4. Dinkarrai Lakshmiprasad v. Yeshwantrai Hariprasad, [1930 AIR BOM 98].
  5. Gajendra Singh v. Durga Kunwar, [1925 ILR 47A II 637].
  6. Aditi Goyal, “Arbitration Law in India: Everything You Want to Know”, https://viamediationcentre.org/readnews/NTUy/Arbitration-law-in-India-Everything-you-want-to-know.
  7. Section 2(7), Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996.
  8. Abhinav Kumar, “Making India a global hub for arbitration”, [March 24, 2021], https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/making-india-a-global-hub-for-arbitration/article34152992.ece.

This article is written by Aaratrika Bal student at National Law University Odisha.

Landmark Judgments which widened the scope of environmental law in India

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Introduction

Judiciary has always played a very important role in order to protect the environment1. There are a number of cases that have provided landmark judgment in the field of environmental law. The factor of protection of the environment has been mentioned in Article 48A of the Constitution of India as well2. Along with Article 48A, Article 51-A (g) also mentions that “it is the duty of every citizen to protect the natural environment”. These articles were added to the Constitution after the 42nd Amendment. There are a number of Acts and legislation that ensure the protection of the environment; for instance: “The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986”, “Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974”, “The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972”, “The Indian Forest Act, 1927”, and a few more. Many of these acts have experienced amendments too3. The following chapter talks about a few cases that have provided landmark judgments that had widened the scope of environmental law in India.

Landmark judgments related to environmental law in India

In ancient India, the protection of forests and the natural environment was often linked to culture, folklores, etc. It is very well known that forests and wildlife hold an important place in Indian culture4. With increased globalization, humans started harming the environment for serving their own purposes. But these days, a lot of measures have been taken again in order the environment. Sustainable development is one such important measure.

  • “M.C. Mehta & Anr. Etc vs Union of India & Ors. Etc”5: This case came up with the concept of “public liability”. It is also called the “Oleum Leakage case”. This case also introduced the “Deep Pocket Principle”. The Court in this case held that no factory can carry out hazardous activities near any residential area. A new chapter was also introduced in the “Factory Act, 1948”. This was one of the most significant cases that introduced one of the main principles in the field of environmental law. This case happened after Oleum gas got leaked from a fertilizer plant. It was considered in this case that the Apex court not only is responsible to ensure the right to life under Article 21, but also to provide an eco – friendly, and pollution-free life.
  • “M. C. Mehta v. Union of India”6: This is also known as the “CNG Vehicle case”. This case was concerned regarding the air pollution levels in Delhi. A survey had been conducted and a staggering number of 10,000 people was found who die every year as a result of this air pollution in the capital city. The petitioner, M. C. Mehta, an environment activist filed a PIL in the Hon’ble Supreme Court against the Union of India in the year 1985. According to Mehta, the air pollution levels in the capital city have increased a lot. Finally, in the year 2002, it was held by the Apex court that CNG had to be provided to the transportation sector for usage. The main purpose of the court was to maintain a balance between the protection of the environment from degradation and the unhindered transportation system in the city. A lot of diesel buses were converted to buses that were run using CNG. There were some issues regarding the usage of CNG. CNG was quite environment–friendly, but it was not a pocket–friendly or easily available option, as compared to other alternatives. The court was concerned with the condition of the environment as well as the health of the people.
  • “Animal Welfare Board of India vs. A. Nagaraja and Ors.”7: This is an important case when it comes to the concept of animal welfare. Animal welfare is an important part of environmental protection. This case was surrounded around the sport of “Jallikattu”. It has been considered as a traditional sport where the “players” would have to claim a bundle of coins that is attached to the horn of a bull. The whole game and haphazard scenario would confuse the bull. Tackling a raging bull would bring “pride and masculinity” to the winner. This was later seen as cruel even for the bulls. It was considered that unnecessary pain was inflicted upon the poor animal. Hence, the Supreme Court decided to ban the sport but revered its decision stating that the sport would be allowed after maintaining certain protocols. Finally, in 2014, the Supreme Court had banned the sport once and for all. Sections 3 and 11 of the “Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960” stated that it was illegal to inflict animal races. Traditions and cultural significance could also not justify such acts.

There are a lot of other cases too, that is very significant in the field of environmental law.

Conclusion

It has been concluded that there are already a number of legislations and Acts that provide laws to protect the environment. It is onto us to execute the laws now. It is high time that we take steps to provide safeguard to the environment. Due to misuse of the natural environment (both flora and fauna), lots of species of animals and plants (sharks, leopards, orangutans, Chile sandalwood8, woolly hawthorn, etc.) have become endangered or extinct too. Issues regarding environmental protection are not restricted to India, instead, it is a global issue. The cases mentioned in the previous chapter have allowed a better understanding of the legal stance of environmental protection in the Indian context.

References

  1. Sristi Raichandani, “15 Landmark Judgments on Environmental Protection”, [July 8, 2020], https://legaldesire.com/15-landmark-judgments-on-environmental-protection/.
  2. “Environment law in India – an overview”, https://www.cms-lawnow.com/ealerts/1999/11/environment-law-in-india-an-overview?cc_lang=en.
  3. Anupam Chakravartty, “Six environmental laws to be amended soon”, [April 7, 2015], https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/governance/six-environmental-laws-to-be-amended-soon-49317.
  4. “Environmental Laws and Constitutional Provisions in India”, http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/1926/Environmental-Laws-and-Constitutional-Provisions-In-India.html.
  5. M.C. Mehta & Anr. Etc vs Union of India & Ors. Etc, [AIR 1987 965].
  6. M. C. Mehta v. Union of India, [AIR 2002 SC 1696].
  7. Animal Welfare Board of India vs. A. Nagaraja and Ors., [2014 7 SCC 547].
  8. Adam Vaughan, “Humans have driven nearly 600 plant species to extinction since 1750s”, [June 10, 2019], https://www.newscientist.com/article/2205949-humans-have-driven-nearly-600-plant-species-to-extinction-since-1750s/#ixzz7FUUAQy00”.

This article is written by Aaratrika Bal student at National Law University Odisha.

Internship Opportunity at Porter- Legal Contract and Research Internship

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About the Company

The Company is owning the application based portal in the name of PORTER who is inter alia engaged in the business of providing tech-enabled transportation and logistics services. The firm’s employees serve customers from all sectors including corporations and individuals in India.

About the Internship

Porter is seeking applications from law students for a legal contract and project-based research internship opportunity with the company.

Nature of Internship

Legal Contract and Research Project-based

Number of Interns Required

2 (Two)

Location

Bengaluru, Karnataka

Eligibility

  • B.A LLB (5 years) (Completed 7th or 8th Semester)
  • LL.M. (NLU and Tier 1 Private Universities will be preferred), 

Primary Subject Knowledge Expectation:

  • Sound knowledge on Corporate Laws;
  • In depth knowledge in Intellectual Property;
  • Arbitration and Conciliation Act;
  • Property Laws knowledge;
  • Excellent Drafting skills including some documentary evidence;
  • Qualities of Team player and self-motivation;
  • Make recommendations on process improvements.

Stipend (if any)

As per the productivity of Intern

Duration of Internship

Minimum 3 months

Selection Procedure

Through Email and Interview

Roles and Responsibilities

  • Non Litigation/Contract Management;
  • IPR processes;
  • Drafting of documentation;
  • Legal processes;
  • Litigation know-hows.

Contact Information

Email Reishumei Basumata reishumei.basumata@porter.in

Link for more details

https://www.porter.in/

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Internship Opportunity at National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (Paid)

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About Internship Opportunity at National Commission for Scheduled Tribes

The NCST Internship Programme -2022 seeks to engage students pursuing Graduate/Post Graduate Degrees or are Research Scholars enrolled in recognized University/Institution within India, as “Interns”. These “interns” shall be given exposure to various Wings within NCST and would be expected to supplement the process of analysis within NCST through empirical data collection and collation of in-house and other information.

Duration

The period of Internship shall be at least 3 months but not exceeding 6 months. Interns not completing the requisite period will not be issued any certificate.

Eligibility

Bonafide students of any recognized University/ Institution within India, fulfilling following conditions are eligible to apply for the internship:

Under-graduate students, having completed / appeared in the term end exams of second year/4th semester of the bachelor degree course and secured not less than 60% or equivalent marks in 12th class.

Selection Criteria

A brief write-up (hand written only) on the topic “Reasons for joining as Intern in NCST will be required to be submitted by the applicants along with the application.

Stipend

  • Rs 5000- for under graduates
  • Rs 10,000-for graduates
  • Rs 15,000- for post graduates/research scholars

Link to apply

https://ncstgrams.gov.in/public/internshipapplication.aspx

Link for more details

https://ncst.nic.in/sites/default/files/2021/Internship/3677

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NEED FOR AVIATION LAWS IN INDIA

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INTRODUCTION –

‘Nowadays nobody can bring in cash on the goddamn carrier business. The financial aspects address sheer hellfire’. These are the words from one of the top chiefs of an aircraft organization and they coordinate easily with the Indian Aviation sector. Notwithstanding the way that the Indian civil aviation industry is presently thought to be the third biggest homegrown common flying business sector on the planet, the business is experiencing a few issues. India’s passenger traffic grew at 16.52 percent year on year to reach 308.75 million (12.72 percent). Domestic passenger traffic grew around 18.28 percent to reach 243 million in 2020-21 and is expected to become 293 million in 2022(1). When it comes to international passengers, it grew by 10.43 percent to reach 65 million in 2019, and traffic is expected to become 76 million in 2022. These figures not only represent the demand for civil aviation in India but also the need for aviation laws in India(1).

ESSENTIAL DOMESTIC LEGISLATION GOVERNING THE AVIATION INDUSTRY –

The accompanying regulation applies:
• The Aircraft Act 1934(1) is the essential homegrown regulation that administers the Indian aeronautics area. Its essential capacity is to engage the central government to make rules for directing the production, deal, use, activity, commodity, import, and security of all polite airplanes.

• The Aircraft Rules 1937(2) by and large apply to Indian-enrolled airplanes (and to people subsequently), any place they might be (with specific exemptions), and all airplanes present in or over India. These standards set prerequisites for flying conditions, enlistment, airworthiness, and licenses, in addition to other things. Where an airplane is enlisted in an unfamiliar country, the guidelines of that nation will apply, given that their fundamental norms depend on those set up by the Chicago Convention. Further, the degree of use for the most part relies upon the arrangement between the two nations.

• The Civil Aviation Requirements set out nitty-gritty necessities and consistency techniques to(1) :
o Fulfill the obligations and commitments of India under the Chicago Convention connecting with global common flying;
o Standardize and harmonies prerequisites, considering the principles and guidelines of other administrative specialists;
o Implement the proposals of the courts of request or some other council established by the national government; and
o Address issues connecting with the import, enlistment, security, and confirmation of airplane tasks.

• Other regulation pertinent to Indian common flight incorporates (1):
o The Airports Authority of India Act 1994;
o The Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India Act 2008;
o The Carriage via Air Act 1972;
o The Aircraft (Security) Rules 2011; and
o The Aircraft (Investigation of Accidents and Incidents) Rules 2012.

GLOBAL AVIATION AGREEMENTS –

India has ratified the following international conventions:

  1. The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air, signed in Warsaw on October 12 1929;
  2. The Convention on International Civil Aviation, signed in Chicago on December 7 1944;
  3. The Convention on the International Recognition of Rights in Aircraft, signed in Geneva on June 19 1948;
  4. The Convention on Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface, signed in Rome on October 7 1952;
  5. The Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft, signed in Tokyo on September 14 1963;
  6. The Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, signed in The Hague on December 16 1970;
  7. The Convention on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation, signed in Montreal on September 23 1971;
  8. The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air, signed in Montreal on May 28 1999; and
  9. The Convention on International Interests in Mobile Equipment, signed in Cape Town on November 16 2001(2) .

IMPORTANCE OF AVIATION LAWS IN INDIA –

The Indian flying industry which contributed five percent of GDP extends to 4,000,000 employment opportunities and one more 7,000,000 positions through the travel industry and related exercises. Regular government mediation is ending up an extraordinary obstruction to the development of the Aviation business (2). A few flight specialists have brought up that the Indian government ought to follow the flying business liberated from strategy obstacles like
directing airfares and cutting duties, including plane fuel. In addition, they encourage the public authority to zero in on building foundation and the air route framework.

Avionics laws help to limit government intercession in the flight area to an extraordinary degree. The Directorate General of Civil Aviation is the central administrative body that principally oversees common avionics in India. It is liable for managing security issues, guidelines of air transport administrations, authorization of common air rules and guidelines, and other such errands. It additionally arranges its working with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). One of the primary undertakings of this body is to guarantee air wellbeing and airworthiness principles. The Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) is the dependable body for the administration and organization of the flying business in India. It assumes a significant part in the definition and execution of different public approaches and projects focused on the improvement of common flight. It is additionally answerable for concocting plans for the proficient development of common avionics. It guarantees the execution of different regulations, including the Aircraft Act, 1934.

The DGCA in 2010 consolidated two new principles in the Aircraft Rules, 1937. This was done to deal with the boisterous travelers ready for either homegrown flights or global flights bound for India. These alterations have been presented in Part 3 of the Rules.

CONCLUSION –

India’s avionics industry has immense potential and offers tremendous learning experiences. One of the key elements which favor such an assumption is that 40% is the upwardly portable working class are beginning to lean toward air travel as the ideal method of transport. Thus, parliament should pass new and levelheaded laws by working together with industry partners to carry out proficient and objective choices that would empower the development of India’s affable flight industry. With the right sort of framework and approaches with a careful spotlight on quality, cost, and traveler premium, India would doubtlessly accomplish the third-biggest aeronautics market by 2025(1).

References:

  1. Indian Aviation Industry. www.ibef.org. [Online] https://www.ibef.org/industry/indian-aviation.aspx.
  2. Aviation in India. www.lexology.com. [Online] https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=c1856642-5358-432a-a956-b6bcffda941f#:~:text=The%20following%20legislation%20applies%3A%201%20The%20Aircraft%20Act,Chicago%20Convention%20relating%20to%20international%20civil%20aviation%3B%20.
  3. Challenges facing civil aviation in India. http://www.indiandefencereview.com/. [Online] http://www.indiandefencereview.com/news/challenges-facing-civil-aviation-in-india/.

This article is written by Sara Agrawal student at Sinhgad Law College, Pune

Call for Papers: RMLNLU

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About RMLNLU

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University is a public law school and a National Law University located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established as Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law Institute in 2005, and since then, has been providing undergraduate and post-graduate legal education.

About the Seminar

The world may be global but it is not accessible to all. Accessibility remains limited by various stakeholders, institutions and processes of the global world. To that end, it is important to critically engage with the idea of justice in the context of globalisation and explore how law may truly facilitate justice in the global world ravaged by a vicious pandemic. The Seminar aims to provide a platform for this and enable holistic exchange of ideas between various stakeholders, including academicians, lawyers and students. The Seminar seeks to analyse changing dimensions of justice by engaging with diverse academic discourses and research papers as to how these ideas maybe given right direction so that justice- political, economic and social may be actualised in this era of globalisation.

Call for Papers

University invites well researched and authentic research papers, case analysis, articles by Academicians, Policy makers, Journalist, Lawyers, Bureaucrats, Research scholars and Students. Research papers shall be subject to the approval of Editorial Board for inclusion in the seminar.

Sub-Themes

The Seminar calls for papers under following subthemes. The list is only indicative and not exhaustive. Any other topic related to the Seminar theme may also be submitted.

  1. Globalization and Governance: Present and Future.
  2. Belongingness in a Global World: State, Citizenship and Refugees.
  3. Borders and Movement: Issues and Challenges during Covid-19.
  4. Contours of Right to Health.
  5. Accessibility in times of COVID-19: Issues and Challenges.
  6. Universalism v. Cultural Relativism in a global world.
  7. Legal Framework for World trade or economic imperialism- Critical Perspectives.
  8. International Organizations: Changing Goals, Problems and Challenges.
  9. Scope of National Security Legislations in Global world.
  10. Ensuring Climate Justice for all: Issues and Challenges.
  11. Right to Education : Contemporary Issues and Challenges

Submission Guidelines

  1. All submissions have to be in English.
  2. The abstract should not be of more than 250 words. It shall contain- a brief profile of the author including e-mail ID, contact number and official address.
  3. Word limit for full Research Paper- 4000-5000 words (inclusive of all Citation and references).
  4. Submissions must be typed in Times New Roman, Font Size 12 on A4 size paper with 1” margin on all sides with 1.5 line spacing.
  5. There can be maximum of only one Co-author. All the co-authors need to get registered for the seminar.
  6. Potential contributors are required to adhere to a uniform mode of citation (20th edition of The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation or ILI Citation is recommended).
  7. The authors should also need to submit a declaration along with the abstract & final paper that their work is original and unpublished and that it does not infringe the copyright of anyone. The organizing committee is not responsible for any copyright infringements by the authors.
  8. Participants who intend to present their research papers in the seminar are required to submit the Abstract on or before 19th January, 2022 through e-mail to: rmlnlu.nationalseminar2022@gmail.com.
  9. Full papers need to be submitted by 1st February, 2022.
  10. The registration fee which includes registration kit, lunch and tea is as follows:
    1. For students- Rs. 700/-
    2. For academia and professionals – Rs. 1000/-
    3. RMLNLU faculty & students- No fee
  11. Registration for the seminar has to be done through the following link: – https://forms.gle/ekbmy6w7GDmRLbhg6

Payment Guide

i. Proceed to the following link:
https://www.onlinesbi.com/sbicollect/icollecthome.htm?corpID=288415
ii. Select registration fee.
iii. Select Seminar/Workshop in the event tab and fill the required details.
iv. Write ‘National Seminar on Globalisation’in the Name of the Event tab.
v. Proceed with payment and after successful payment, kindly upload the receipt in the registration form.

Venue

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohiya National Law University, Sector D-1, LDA Colony, Kanpur Road Scheme, Aashiyana, Lucknow – 226012.

Note: Accommodation shall not be provided in view of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Brochure

Seminar-RMLNLUDownload

Contact Details

Mail to: rmlnlu.nationalseminar2022@gmail.com

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Call For Papers: Socio-Legal Review, NLSIU

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About NLSIU

NLSIU was the first National Law University established in India in 1986. The premier law school was set up with a mission to pioneer legal education reforms, and to anchor the transformation of the Indian legal system through research and policy interventions. Consequently, the NLSIU was one of the first institutions in the country to introduce the five-year integrated law degree at the undergraduate level with the commencement of the first batch in 1988.

About the Socio-Legal Review

The Socio-Legal Review (SLR) is a student-run, peer-reviewed journal published by the National Law School of India University, Bangalore (NLSIU). SLR began with the support of the Modern Law Review, London in 2005 and has, over the past few years, carried articles by luminaries in the legal and social field such as Rajeev Dhavan, Roger Cotterrell, W.T. Murphy and Asghar Ali Engineer.

The Socio-Legal Review Forum (SLR Forum) was conceptualised as a platform for informed debate on contemporary developments. The Forum acts as an online companion to our print journal. It accepts short pieces in the form of comments on recent legal developments or book reviews engaging with recent literature. Longer pieces in the form of essays or responses to pieces published in the journal are also accepted.

Submission Rules

SLR is currently looking for articles for Volume 18(2), as well as for the SLR Forum. We have a broad mandate and look at any articles with a perceivable link between law and society, particularly in a South Asian context. SLR invites contributions in the following categories –

  • Long Articles: Between 6,000 – 8,000 words.
  • Short Articles: Between 3,500 – 5,000 words.
  • Book Reviews: Between 2,000 – 3,000 words.
  • Case Notes/Legislative Comments: Between 1,500 – 2,500 words.
  • Notes from the Field – Notes from the Field are pieces designed to provide a glimpse into a new legal strategy, political initiative or advocacy technique applied in the field, a current problem or obstacle faced in legal reform or development work, or a new issue that has not yet received much attention and needs to be brought to light. For contributions in this category, empirical studies are encouraged.

All manuscripts must be submitted in a .doc or .docx format. The manuscripts must necessarily be accompanied by the author’s biographical information in a separate title page and an abstract of not more than 250 words. For formatting and citation guidelines, please refer to SLR’s style guide.

Deadline

The last date for submission of manuscripts for Volume 18(2) is March 15, 2022.

Submission Procedure

Contributions to SLR must be made in electronic form only. Please mail contributions to sociolegalreview.nls@gmail.com, with the subject ‘Submission for Socio-Legal Review – Volume 18(2)’.

Contact

Mail to: sociolegalreview.nls@gmail.com

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Internship opportunity at The Centre for Trade and Investment Law

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About The Centre for Trade and Investment Law

The Centre for Trade and Investment Law (CTIL) was established in the year 2016 by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, at the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT). The Centre’s primary objective is to provide sound and rigorous analysis of legal issues pertaining to international trade and investment law to the Government of India and other governmental agencies. The Centre is aiming to create a dedicated pool of legal experts who could provide technical inputs for enhancing India’s participation in international trade and investment negotiations and dispute settlement. The Centre also aims to be a thought leader in the various domains of international economic law such as WTO law, international investment law and legal issues relating to economic integration.

Name of the OrganisationThe Centre for Trade and Investment Law (CTIL)
LocationNew Delhi

About the Internship

Name of the Post: Legal Interns

Eligibility

  • Undergraduate and Postgraduate students of Law
  • Preference will be given to students who have completed courses in WTO law and b public international law.

Other Details

  • Interns at CTIL work on a range of issues in international economic law and policy, including the WTO covered agreements, preferential trade agreements, international trade regulations and international investment law, at CTIL’s Research Division.
  • During the Covid-19 pandemic, CTIL has also given the opportunity to more than 70 students from various law schools to intern remotely using the technology at our disposal.
  • An internship at CTIL is a perfect opportunity to explore emerging areas of international trade and investment law and can be a stepping stone for career opportunities in this area.

Link to Apply

https://ctil.org.in/InternApplication.aspx

Link for more details-

https://ctil.org.in/Internship.aspx

Disclaimer: All information posted by us on LexPeeps is true to our knowledge. But still, it is suggested that you check and confirm things on your level.

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Call for Legal Content Writers (Interns) at BizAdvisors, Noida

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About the BizAdvisors

BizAdvisors ITES Private Limited is a technology-driven business and legal services platform, dedicated to assisting people in starting and managing their businesses in a cost-effective manner.

They offer a full range of accounting, tax, and regulatory services, as well as legal documents and other business and legal services. Its mission is to create an easy-to-use system for entrepreneurs to start and run enterprises.

Eligibility

  • Law background (B.A. LLB/ LLM/)
  • Good in writing
  • SEO based Legal Content writer
  • Experience preferred

Number of Interns Required

2 Interns

Location

Noida/Delhi/NCR (preferred) but can work remotely from any location.

Who can Apply?

Candidates from Delhi/Noida/NCR preferred.

Stipend

As per performance (Minimum Rs. 1000/-) per month

Duration of Internship

6 Months

Application Procedure

Can send Resume and with their articles written in past to hr@bizadvisors.io

Contact Details

E-mail ID: hr@bizadvisors.io

Phone: 9140604161

Disclaimer: All information posted by us on LexPeeps is true to our knowledge. But still, it is suggested that you check and confirm things on your level.

For regular updates we can catchup at-

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https://chat.whatsapp.com/GRdQLsHRwmB7QVRmS3WK

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Call for Council Members at Uttar Pradesh Judicial Reforms Council of WICCI

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About the Judicial Reforms Council of WICCI

Uttar Pradesh Judicial Reforms Council is a part of Women’s Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (WICCI), which is a premier National Business Chamber for Women envisioning Global Impact for Women Entrepreneurs, Businesswomen and Professionals from all walks of life.

Supported by the massive global and influential women’s networks viz. G100, ALL Ladies League (ALL), Women Economic Forum (WEF) and SHEconomy, with 250,000 members and industry leaders worldwide, WICCI drives fundamental changes in governmental policies, laws, incentives and entrepreneurial ecosystems, with a view to robustly encourage and empower women in business, industry and commerce across all sectors and fields.

About the Opportunity

A premier national chamber for women, Women’s Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (WICCI) with sectoral and multi-sectoral Councils at International/Bilateral, National, Regional, State & City levels, guided by the National Boards (Governing, Advisory, Executive), each Council comprising a minimum of 20 council members, and a Vice President and President, works to achieve the following:

  1. Mainstreaming women’s voice and upholding women’s interest in policy-making and in all echelons of decision-making.
  2. Helping women get better incentives, improved access to finance and other measures that empower the competitiveness of Businesswomen, Entrepreneurs and Professionals.
  3. Providing representations and recommendations to relevant government authorities/other institutions to strengthen women’s voice, mitigate our many challenges, and empower women’s endeavours in the economy and society.
  4. Promoting business networking and collaborations among members and the global community in order to enhance opportunities for professional and personal growth.
  5. Energetically contributing to council endeavours and delivering on the Council’s self-determined agenda and annual calendar.

Important details

  • Last date to apply: 31st January 2022, 11:59 p.m.
  • Time period: 1 year
  • Mode of Work: Work from home (virtual)
  • Positions Open for GIRLS ONLY.
  • Certificates will be provided only upon the completion of the entire term of or subject.

Eligibility

  • A student pursuing law from a recognized university in India.
  • People with prior experience of handling social media (or prior experience in PR or Social Media Management) and graphics (Adobe, Canva, basic photo and video editing, etc.) shall be preferred.

Your role as Council Member

  • Your primary role and responsibility is to build a robust and engaged team along with the President, Vice President and other Council members in your areas of focus and influence.
  • You will develop with your council a vision roadmap for serving the mandate through your unique plan and perspectives.
  • You will develop community outreach in the spirit of knowledge sharing and building inspiration toward empowering a growth mindset in all.
  • You will also develop recommendations and representations for respective government bodies and institutions. These will enable policy changes and incentives toward improving economic and social ecosystems for women to thrive.

Procedure to Apply

Submit your CV, cover letter( stating why you would like to join us) and LinkedIn profile URL (if available) at jrc.wbhrc@gmail.com.

The shortlisted candidates would be notified via mail about an online interview. (There are no application fees at any step)

Contact Details

In case of any queries, contact Priya Chaudhary: +91 9454742769.

Disclaimer: All information posted by us on LexPeeps is true to our knowledge. But still, it is suggested that you check and confirm things on your level.

For regular updates we can catchup at-

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